Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) is a significant industrial chemical with various applications and notable environmental and health impacts. Here are the key specifications and properties of sulfur dioxide:
1. Chemical Identity:
- Chemical Formula: SO₂
- Molecular Weight: 64.07 g/mol
- CAS Number: 7446-09-5
2. Physical Properties:
- Appearance: Colorless gas can appear as a white crystalline solid when cooled below -10°C (14°F).
- Odor: Pungent, irritating odor (similar to burnt matches).
- Boiling Point: -10°C (14°F)
- Melting Point: -72°C (-98°F)
- Density (Gas): 2.927 kg/m³ (at 0°C and 1 atm)
- Density (Liquid): 1.44 g/cm³
- Solubility in Water: Very soluble forms sulfurous acid (H₂SO₃).
3. Chemical Properties:
- Flammability: Non-flammable. However, it is a strong oxidizing agent.
- Reactivity: Sulfur dioxide reacts with oxygen to form sulfur trioxide (SO₃). It is also a reducing agent and can react with various oxidizing agents. It forms acids when dissolved in water, and can react with bases to form sulfites.
4. Uses and Applications:
- Industry: Widely used in the production of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), in the bleaching of paper and textiles, and as a preservative in the food and beverage industry.
- Environmental Control: Used to control emissions of sulfur compounds in industrial processes.
- Food and Beverage: Used as a preservative for dried fruits and to maintain color in some foods and beverages.
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