Ethylene Oxide (C₂H₄O) is a highly reactive chemical used primarily in the production of ethylene glycol and other chemicals. Here are the key specifications and properties of ethylene oxide:
1. Chemical Identity:
- Chemical Formula: C₂H₄O
- Molecular Weight: 44.05 g/mol
- CAS Number: 75-21-8
2. Physical Properties:
- Appearance: Colorless gas at room temperature can be a liquid when compressed and cooled.
- Odor: Sweet odor, often described as ether-like.
- Boiling Point: 10.7°C (51.3°F)
- Melting Point: -111.6°C (-169.0°F)
- Density (Gas): 1.828 kg/m³ (at 0°C and 1 atm)
- Density (Liquid): 0.884 g/cm³
- Solubility in Water: Miscible in all proportions.
3. Chemical Properties:
- Flammability: Highly flammable flash point -19°C (-2.2°F)
- Auto-Ignition Temperature: 425°C (797°F)
- Reactivity: Ethylene oxide is highly reactive and can polymerize rapidly. It reacts with water, alcohols, and amines to form various compounds. It is also a known carcinogen and can be hazardous to health.
4. Uses and Applications:
- Industry: Primarily used in the production of ethylene glycol, which is a key ingredient in antifreeze and polyester fibers. Also used to make surfactants, solvents, and other chemicals.
- Sterilization: Used as a sterilizing agent for medical equipment and supplies, particularly in hospitals and laboratories.
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